Inspection of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum with a fibreoptic scope (can be diagnostic to find out the cause of any symptoms or therapeutic, e.g. to stop bleeding)

Procedure where a flexible thin tube (fibreoptic scope) is inserted into the oesophagus (gullet) to look into the stomach and the first part of the duodenum (small intestine). A Biopsy may be taken and sent to the lab for microscopical assessment. It may be used for investigation purposes or to stop a bleed.

Telescopic inspection of the urethra and bladder with incision of a stricture (narrowing caused by scar tissue) using a visual knife or laser fibre

Fixation (orchidopexy) of a twisted or undescended testicle

Drainage or removal of an ovarian cyst with keyhole surgery